4. Upālivaggo

1. Upālisuttaṃ

31. Atha kho āyasmā upāli yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā upāli bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kati nu kho, bhante, atthavase paṭicca tathāgatena sāvakānaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ, pātimokkhaṃ uddiṭṭha’’nti?

‘‘Dasa kho, upāli, atthavase paṭicca tathāgatena sāvakānaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ, pātimokkhaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ. Katame dasa? Saṅghasuṭṭhutāya, saṅghaphāsutāya, dummaṅkūnaṃ puggalānaṃ niggahāya, pesalānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ phāsuvihārāya, diṭṭhadhammikānaṃ āsavānaṃ saṃvarāya, samparāyikānaṃ āsavānaṃ paṭighātāya, appasannānaṃ pasādāya, pasannānaṃ bhiyyobhāvāya, saddhammaṭṭhitiyā, vinayānuggahāya – ime kho, upāli, dasa atthavase paṭicca tathāgatena sāvakānaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ, pātimokkhaṃ uddiṭṭha’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Pātimokkhaṭṭhapanāsuttaṃ

32. ‘‘Kati nu kho, bhante, pātimokkhaṭṭhapanā’’ti? ‘‘Dasa kho, upāli, pātimokkhaṭṭhapanā. Katame dasa? Pārājiko tassaṃ parisāyaṃ nisinno hoti , pārājikakathā vippakatā hoti, anupasampanno tassaṃ parisāyaṃ nisinno hoti, anupasampannakathā vippakatā hoti, sikkhaṃ paccakkhātako tassaṃ parisāyaṃ nisinno hoti, sikkhaṃ paccakkhātakakathā vippakatā hoti, paṇḍako tassaṃ parisāyaṃ nisinno hoti, paṇḍakakathā vippakatā hoti, bhikkhunidūsako tassaṃ parisāyaṃ nisinno hoti, bhikkhunidūsakakathā vippakatā hoti – ime kho, upāli, dasa pātimokkhaṭṭhapanā’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Ubbāhikāsuttaṃ

33.[cūḷava. 231] ‘‘Katihi nu kho, bhante, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu ubbāhikāya sammannitabbo’’ti? ‘‘Dasahi kho, upāli, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu ubbāhikāya sammannitabbo. Katamehi dasahi? Idhupāli, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti; pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu; bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo, ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ [satthā sabyañjanā (sī.) evamuparipi] kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā; ubhayāni kho panassa pātimokkhāni vitthārena svāgatāni honti suvibhattāni suppavattīni suvinicchitāni suttaso anubyañjanaso; vinaye kho pana ṭhito hoti asaṃhīro; paṭibalo hoti ubho atthapaccatthike saññāpetuṃ paññāpetuṃ nijjhāpetuṃ pekkhetuṃ pasādetuṃ; adhikaraṇasamuppādavūpasamakusalo hoti – adhikaraṇaṃ jānāti; adhikaraṇasamudayaṃ jānāti; adhikaraṇanirodhaṃ jānāti; adhikaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ jānāti. Imehi kho, upāli, dasahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu ubbāhikāya sammannitabbo’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Upasampadāsuttaṃ

34. ‘‘Katihi nu kho, bhante, dhammehi samannāgatena bhikkhunā upasampādetabba’’nti? ‘‘Dasahi kho, upāli, dhammehi samannāgatena bhikkhunā upasampādetabbaṃ. Katamehi dasahi? Idhupāli, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu; bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo, ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā; pātimokkhaṃ kho panassa vitthārena svāgataṃ hoti suvibhattaṃ suppavattaṃ suvinicchitaṃ suttaso anubyañjanaso; paṭibalo hoti gilānaṃ upaṭṭhātuṃ vā upaṭṭhāpetuṃ vā; paṭibalo hoti anabhiratiṃ vūpakāsetuṃ vā vūpakāsāpetuṃ vā; paṭibalo hoti uppannaṃ kukkuccaṃ dhammato vinodetuṃ; paṭibalo hoti uppannaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ dhammato vivecetuṃ; paṭibalo hoti adhisīle samādapetuṃ; paṭibalo hoti adhicitte samādapetuṃ; paṭibalo hoti adhipaññāya samādapetuṃ. Imehi kho, upāli, dasahi dhammehi samannāgatena bhikkhunā upasampādetabba’’nti. Catutthaṃ.

5. Nissayasuttaṃ



4. 优波离品
1. 优波离经
31. 这时，尊者优波离走向世尊所在之处；走近后，向世尊礼拜，然后坐在一旁。坐在一旁的优波离对世尊说道："尊者，如来为什么要为弟子制定学处、宣说波罗提木叉呢？"
"优波离，如来为十种利益而为弟子制定学处、宣说波罗提木叉。是哪十种？为了僧团的优秀，为了僧团的安乐，为了降伏恶人，为了善良比丘的安住，为了防护现世的烦恼，为了对治未来的烦恼，为了令未信者生信，为了令已信者增长，为了正法久住，为了护持戒律 - 优波离，这就是如来为这十种利益而为弟子制定学处、宣说波罗提木叉。"第一
2. 中止诵戒经
32. "尊者，有几种中止诵戒的情况？""优波离，有十种中止诵戒的情况。是哪十种？已犯波罗夷者在僧团中坐着，关于波罗夷的讨论未完，未受具足戒者在僧团中坐着，关于未受具足戒者的讨论未完，放弃学处者在僧团中坐着，关于放弃学处者的讨论未完，黄门在僧团中坐着，关于黄门的讨论未完，污比丘尼者在僧团中坐着，关于污比丘尼者的讨论未完 - 优波离，这就是十种中止诵戒的情况。"第二
[后续继续翻译其他经文...]
3. 决议经
33. "尊者，具备几种法的比丘应当被选为决议者？""优波离，具备十种法的比丘应当被选为决议者。是哪十种？在此，优波离，比丘持戒，守护波罗提木叉律仪而住，具足威仪行处，对微细罪亦见怖畏，受持学处而学习；多闻、持闻、积集所闻，凡是初善、中善、后善，有义有文，宣说完全清净的梵行之法，如是诸法他多有所闻，以语忆持，以意观察，以见善通达；两种波罗提木叉对他来说详细熟知，善分别、善诵习、善决定，以经及文句；他安住于戒律中而不动摇；他能使双方当事人理解、认知、接受、观察、净信；他善巧于处理诤事的生起与平息 - 他知道什么是诤事；他知道诤事的生起；他知道诤事的止息；他知道导向诤事止息的道路。优波离，具备这十种法的比丘应当被选为决议者。"第三
4. 具足戒经
34. "尊者，具备几种法的比丘可以授人具足戒？""优波离，具备十种法的比丘可以授人具足戒。是哪十种？在此，优波离，比丘持戒，守护波罗提木叉律仪而住，具足威仪行处，对微细罪亦见怖畏，受持学处而学习；多闻、持闻、积集所闻，凡是初善、中善、后善，有义有文，宣说完全清净的梵行之法，如是诸法他多有所闻，以语忆持，以意观察，以见善通达；波罗提木叉对他来说详细熟知，善分别、善诵习、善决定，以经及文句；他能够照料病人或安排人照料病人；他能够驱除或安排人驱除不乐；他能够如法消除已生起的疑虑；他能够如法分辨已生起的见解；他能够在增上戒方面教导；他能够在增上心方面教导；他能够在增上慧方面教导。优波离，具备这十种法的比丘可以授人具足戒。"第四
5. 依止经
[继续等待原文以便翻译...]

35. ‘‘Katihi nu kho, bhante, dhammehi samannāgatena bhikkhunā nissayo dātabbo’’ti? ‘‘Dasahi kho, upāli, dhammehi samannāgatena bhikkhunā nissayo dātabbo. Katamehi dasahi? Idhupāli, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti…pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu; bahussuto hoti…pe… diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā; pātimokkhaṃ kho panassa vitthārena svāgataṃ hoti suvibhattaṃ suppavattaṃ suvinicchitaṃ suttaso anubyañjanaso; paṭibalo hoti gilānaṃ upaṭṭhātuṃ vā upaṭṭhāpetuṃ vā; paṭibalo hoti anabhiratiṃ vūpakāsetuṃ vā vūpakāsāpetuṃ vā; paṭibalo hoti uppannaṃ kukkuccaṃ dhammato vinodetuṃ; paṭibalo hoti uppannaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ dhammato vivecetuṃ; paṭibalo hoti adhisīle…pe… adhicitte… adhipaññāya samādapetuṃ. Imehi kho, upāli, dasahi dhammehi samannāgatena bhikkhunā nissayo dātabbo’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

6. Sāmaṇerasuttaṃ

36. ‘‘Katihi nu kho, bhante, dhammehi samannāgatena bhikkhunā sāmaṇero upaṭṭhāpetabbo’’ti? ‘‘Dasahi kho, upāli, dhammehi samannāgatena bhikkhunā sāmaṇero upaṭṭhāpetabbo. Katamehi dasahi? Idhupāli, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti…pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu; bahussuto hoti…pe… diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā; pātimokkhaṃ kho panassa vitthārena svāgataṃ hoti suvibhattaṃ suppavattaṃ suvinicchitaṃ suttaso anubyañjanaso; paṭibalo hoti gilānaṃ upaṭṭhātuṃ vā upaṭṭhāpetuṃ vā; paṭibalo hoti anabhiratiṃ vūpakāsetuṃ vā vūpakāsāpetuṃ vā; paṭibalo hoti uppannaṃ kukkuccaṃ dhammato vinodetuṃ; paṭibalo hoti uppannaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ dhammato vivecetuṃ; paṭibalo hoti adhisīle samādapetuṃ; paṭibalo hoti adhicitte samādapetuṃ; paṭibalo hoti adhipaññāya samādapetuṃ. Imehi kho, upāli, dasahi dhammehi samannāgatena bhikkhunā sāmaṇero upaṭṭhāpetabbo’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

7. Saṅghabhedasuttaṃ

37. ‘‘‘Saṅghabhedo saṅghabhedo’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, saṅgho bhinno hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idhupāli, bhikkhū adhammaṃ dhammoti dīpenti, dhammaṃ adhammoti dīpenti, avinayaṃ vinayoti dīpenti, vinayaṃ avinayoti dīpenti, abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatena bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti, bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatena abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti, anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatena āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti, āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatena anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti, apaññattaṃ tathāgatena paññattaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti , paññattaṃ tathāgatena apaññattaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti. Te imehi dasahi vatthūhi avakassanti apakassanti āveni [āveniṃ (cūḷava. 352) āveṇi, āveṇikaṃ (tattheva adholipi)] kammāni karonti āveni pātimokkhaṃ uddisanti. Ettāvatā kho, upāli, saṅgho bhinno hotī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

8. Saṅghasāmaggīsuttaṃ

38.[cūḷava. 353] ‘‘‘Saṅghasāmaggī saṅghasāmaggī’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, saṅgho samaggo hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idhupāli, bhikkhū adhammaṃ adhammoti dīpenti, dhammaṃ dhammoti dīpenti, avinayaṃ avinayoti dīpenti, vinayaṃ vinayoti dīpenti, abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatena abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti, bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatena bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti, anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatena anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti, āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatena āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti, apaññattaṃ tathāgatena apaññattaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti, paññattaṃ tathāgatena paññattaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti. Te imehi dasahi vatthūhi na avakassanti na apakassanti na āveni kammāni karonti na āveni pātimokkhaṃ uddisanti. Ettāvatā kho, upāli, saṅgho samaggo hotī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Paṭhamaānandasuttaṃ



35. "尊者，具备几种法的比丘可以给予依止？""优波离，具备十种法的比丘可以给予依止。是哪十种？在此，优波离，比丘持戒⋯⋯受持学处而学习；多闻⋯⋯以见善通达；波罗提木叉对他来说详细熟知，善分别、善诵习、善决定，以经及文句；他能够照料病人或安排人照料病人；他能够驱除或安排人驱除不乐；他能够如法消除已生起的疑虑；他能够如法分辨已生起的见解；他能够在增上戒⋯⋯增上心⋯⋯增上慧方面教导。优波离，具备这十种法的比丘可以给予依止。"第五
6. 沙弥经
36. "尊者，具备几种法的比丘可以摄受沙弥？""优波离，具备十种法的比丘可以摄受沙弥。是哪十种？在此，优波离，比丘持戒⋯⋯受持学处而学习；多闻⋯⋯以见善通达；波罗提木叉对他来说详细熟知，善分别、善诵习、善决定，以经及文句；他能够照料病人或安排人照料病人；他能够驱除或安排人驱除不乐；他能够如法消除已生起的疑虑；他能够如法分辨已生起的见解；他能够在增上戒方面教导；他能够在增上心方面教导；他能够在增上慧方面教导。优波离，具备这十种法的比丘可以摄受沙弥。"第六
7. 破僧经
37. "尊者，所谓'破僧破僧'，尊者，如何算是僧团破裂？""在此，优波离，比丘们将非法说成是法，将法说成是非法，将非律说成是律，将律说成是非律，将如来未说未语说成是如来已说已语，将如来已说已语说成是如来未说未语，将如来未行说成是如来已行，将如来已行说成是如来未行，将如来未制定说成是如来已制定，将如来已制定说成是如来未制定。他们以这十种事由而分裂、离散，别行羯磨，别诵波罗提木叉。优波离，这样就是僧团破裂。"第七
8. 僧团和合经
38. "尊者，所谓'僧团和合僧团和合'，尊者，如何算是僧团和合？""在此，优波离，比丘们将非法说成是非法，将法说成是法，将非律说成是非律，将律说成是律，将如来未说未语说成是如来未说未语，将如来已说已语说成是如来已说已语，将如来未行说成是如来未行，将如来已行说成是如来已行，将如来未制定说成是如来未制定，将如来已制定说成是如来已制定。他们以这十种事由而不分裂、不离散，不别行羯磨，不别诵波罗提木叉。优波离，这样就是僧团和合。"第八
9. 第一阿难经
[继续等待原文以便翻译...]

39. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘saṅghabhedo saṅghabhedo’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, saṅgho bhinno hotī’’ti ? ‘‘Idhānanda, bhikkhū adhammaṃ dhammoti dīpenti, dhammaṃ adhammoti dīpenti, avinayaṃ vinayoti dīpenti…pe… paññattaṃ tathāgatena apaññattaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti. Te imehi dasahi vatthūhi avakassanti apakassanti āveni kammāni karonti āveni pātimokkhaṃ uddisanti. Ettāvatā kho, ānanda, saṅgho bhinno hotī’’ti.

‘‘Samaggaṃ pana, bhante, saṅghaṃ bhinditvā kiṃ so pasavatī’’ti? ‘‘Kappaṭṭhikaṃ, ānanda, kibbisaṃ pasavatī’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana, bhante, kappaṭṭhikaṃ kibbisa’’nti? ‘‘Kappaṃ, ānanda, nirayamhi paccatīti –

‘‘Āpāyiko nerayiko, kappaṭṭho saṅghabhedako;

Vaggarato adhammaṭṭho, yogakkhemā padhaṃsati;

Saṅghaṃ samaggaṃ bhinditvā [bhetvāna (sī. syā.), bhitvāna (ka.) cūḷava. 354; itivu. 18; kathāva. 657] kappaṃ nirayamhi paccatī’’ti. navamaṃ;

10. Dutiyaānandasuttaṃ




我来为您直译这段巴利文经文：
39. 当时，尊者阿难来到世尊所在之处；到达后，向世尊致敬，坐在一旁。坐在一旁的尊者阿难对世尊如此说道："大德，人们说'破和合僧、破和合僧'。大德，何种程度才算是僧团已被破坏？"
"阿难，在此，比丘们把非法说成是法，把法说成是非法，把非律说成是律...乃至...把如来所制定的说成是如来所未制定的。他们以这十事来分裂、离散，单独举行羯磨，单独诵说波罗提木叉。阿难，这种程度就是僧团已被破坏。"
"大德，破坏了和合的僧团，此人会造下什么业？""阿难，他会造下持续一劫的罪业。""大德，什么是持续一劫的罪业？""阿难，他要在地狱中受苦一劫。"
"堕落地狱者，破僧经一劫；
喜好党派者，住于非法中；
从安稳处退，破和合僧团；
一劫受地狱，苦报之煎熬。"
第九经完
第十经 第二阿难经

40. ‘‘‘Saṅghasāmaggī saṅghasāmaggī’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, saṅgho samaggo hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idhānanda, bhikkhū adhammaṃ adhammoti dīpenti, dhammaṃ dhammoti dīpenti, avinayaṃ avinayoti dīpenti , vinayaṃ vinayoti dīpenti, abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatena abhāsitaṃ alapitaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti, bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatena bhāsitaṃ lapitaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti, anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatena anāciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti, āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatena āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti, apaññattaṃ tathāgatena apaññattaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti, paññattaṃ tathāgatena paññattaṃ tathāgatenāti dīpenti. Te imehi dasahi vatthūhi na avakassanti na apakassanti na āveni kammāni karonti na āveni pātimokkhaṃ uddisanti. Ettāvatā kho, ānanda, saṅgho samaggo hotī’’ti.

‘‘Bhinnaṃ pana, bhante, saṅghaṃ samaggaṃ katvā kiṃ so pasavatī’’ti? ‘‘Brahmaṃ, ānanda, puññaṃ pasavatī’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana, bhante, brahmaṃ puñña’’nti? ‘‘Kappaṃ, ānanda, saggamhi modatīti –

‘‘Sukhā saṅghassa sāmaggī, samaggānañca anuggaho;

Samaggarato dhammaṭṭho, yogakkhemā na dhaṃsati;

Saṅghaṃ samaggaṃ katvāna, kappaṃ saggamhi modatī’’ti. dasamaṃ;

Upālivaggo catuttho.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Upāli ṭhapanā ubbāho, upasampadanissayā;

Sāmaṇero ca dve bhedā, ānandehi pare duveti.

我来为您直译这段巴利文：
40. "大德，人们说'僧团和合、僧团和合'。大德，何种程度才算是僧团和合？"
"阿难，在此，比丘们把非法说成是非法，把法说成是法，把非律说成是非律，把律说成是律，把如来未说未讲的说成是如来未说未讲的，把如来已说已讲的说成是如来已说已讲的，把如来未实行的说成是如来未实行的，把如来已实行的说成是如来已实行的，把如来未制定的说成是如来未制定的，把如来已制定的说成是如来已制定的。他们以这十事不分裂、不离散，不单独举行羯磨，不单独诵说波罗提木叉。阿难，这种程度就是僧团和合。"
"大德，使破裂的僧团重归和合，此人会造下什么业？""阿难，他会造下梵福。""大德，什么是梵福？""阿难，他将在天界欢乐一劫。"
"僧团和合乐，和合得护持；
喜好和合者，住于正法中；
不失安稳处，和合僧团已；
一劫享天乐，福报之安宁。"
第十经完
优波离品第四完
其摄颂：
优波离、制定、驱摈、
受具足戒与依止；
沙弥及两破和合，
两阿难经最后二。

